孤独的幸存者

《孤独的幸存者》。8分。

彼得·伯格编剧、导演，马克·沃尔伯格主演作品。

这部片子在大陆并没有大火，但真正关注战争片的铁粉们，还是推崇备至。

作为一部根据真实事件、同名回忆录改变的电影，影片从场景、人物、造型，甚至音效上，都极其真实的进行了还原。以至于在观看影片时，会产生不适感。

一支海豹侦察队负责去搜集阿富汗恐怖组织的情报，却不小心撞上牧羊人暴露行踪。随后四人小组遭遇强大暴力追击。长达几十分钟的丛林战，近乎完美的展示了当时的真实场景，“你为你的国家去死，我为我的国家而活”。而最后，四人小组仅存马克·沃尔伯格饰演的马库斯幸存，他被另一个善良的村民所救。

善良的人总有好报，而马库斯也成为了孤独的幸存者。

导演彼得·伯格非常有才华，尤其在战争动作片类型上，拿捏得十分到位，而他也十分偏爱马克·沃尔伯格，他俩在《22英里》、《恐袭波士顿》都有极好的联手。

总的来说，电影的光影，丛林战的部分，拍的确实比较好，相对于其他特种部队所向披靡的电影来说真实很多。而且在人物塑造上面也很有感觉。遗憾的是，在了解了更多改编基于的真实事件 （Operation Red Wings 红翼行动）之后，我对于整个故事的全貌有了完全不同的感想：

（@bugz 的回答已经非常详细，我在这里只是权当做一些补充，以下主要内容译自Reddit帖子//www.reddit.com/r/MilitaryPorn/comments/by5e1e/the_four_us_navy_seals_that_fought_the_battle_of/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=ios_app&utm_name=iossmf）

从左至右：Michael Murphy, Marcus Luttrell, Matthew Axelson, Denny Dietz

The SEALs fought to take this mission from the Marines which was never supposed to be done by a 4 man team in the first place.

They landed so close to the objective that the entire valley knew precisely when and where they were. Later Luttrell had the audacity to claim it was "them liberal medias" that got his team killed.

They move to a location without comms with their higher HQ. They decide to set up there anyway.

They don't bother to take the time to build a good hide site.

海豹突击队努力从海军陆战队手中接过这项任务，然而这项任务最初根本就不是应该由这四个人组成的团队来做的。

海豹突击队的降落地点距离目标太近了 （我在看电影的时候也有这个疑问，直升机的声音其实是非常大的），在小队降落之时整个山谷都清楚地知道了他们的降落时间和地点。后来，卢特雷尔（Luttrell）竟有胆量宣称自己的团队被杀是由于“them liberal medias” （这个我不知道是什么意思）。

小队降落后移动到了一个不能和总部保持畅通联络的地点（就是电影中信号弱的片段），但这个小队仍然决定在那里建立临时据点。

小队并没有花足够的功夫在隐蔽上。

They are compromised by local civilian noncombatants. The team considers committing a egregious war crime to cover up their own gross incompetence. The correct answer was unequivocally to not murder those civilians, and it should terrify you, as it does me, that Luttrell thought he and his fellow SEALs were so above the law that the only thing keeping them from literally murdering innocent people was that they might get roasted for it on CNN. (Which still doesn't make sense because they could have easily covered it up given the circumstances).

The Taliban know where they are and are moving towards them already. The released civilians may have given them more specific information, or they may not have. Regardless, 7-15 enemy fighters are moving towards the hapless SEAL team.

他们遭遇了当地的非战斗人员平民。该团队曾经考虑过犯下严重的战争罪行（屠杀平民），以掩饰自己的严重无能。正确的做法应该是明确地避免谋杀这些平民，令人感到恐惧的是，卢特雷尔（Luttrell）认为他和他的海豹突击队实际上凌驾于法律，唯一使他们免于杀害无辜平民的理由是他们担心会被CNN媒体曝光。 （这仍然不合理，因为在当时的情况下，他们本可以轻松掩盖处理好这件事）

塔利班（在小队遭遇平民之前）就已经知道了他们在哪里，并且正在朝着他们前进。被小队释放的平民可能给了塔利班更多具体信息，或者也可能没有。无论如何，有7到15名敌方战斗人员正在向不幸的海豹突击队员们迈进。

The Taliban pinpoint their location. 7-15 well armed fighters with superior mobility and knowledge of the terrain will (almost) always overwhelm a 4 man reconnaissance team caught in an unfavorable position. I am confident the team did their best to survive. That said, the notion that they were fighting hundreds and killing dozens of enemy is absurd. Luttrell is a liar. His initial report suggests around 30 enemy fighters (with the actual figure estimated much lower). He then proceeds to inflate this number to absurd proportions for his book, and the movie inflates them even further. Also, Marcus Luttrell is later found by the Rangers with all 11 of his magazines completely full. He did not appear to have fired a single shot in the engagement.

塔利班指认出了他们的位置。具有出色机动性和对当地地形非常熟悉的7-15名装备精良战士对于被困在不利位置的4人侦察小队来说具有压倒性优势，因此我相信侦查小队为了生存已经尽其所能了。也就是说，他们与数百人战斗并杀死数十个敌人的说法是荒谬的。卢特雷尔（Luttrell）是个骗子。他的初步报告说有大约30名敌方战斗人员（估计的实际数字要低得多）。然后，在他的书中他继续将这个数字增加到一个更荒谬的比例，电影则使它们进一步膨胀。此外，游骑兵队后来救援中发现了马库斯·卢特雷尔（Marcus Luttrell），发现他的所有11个弹夹完全装满。他似乎并没有在与敌军遭遇中开过一枪。

Marcus Luttrell is rescued by Mohammed Gulab, who takes him into protection. One could draw a very interesting parallel here. Luttrell regrets the decision (which to be clear, was never his to make) to do the lawful and moral thing when faced with a risk to his team. However he has no issues with Gulab risking the lives of his family and entire village to protect him. Why should Gulab do the right thing when Luttrell believes SEALs don't have to?

Luttrell is rescued after a massive search and rescue pulls troops from the entire region. Altogether 19 are dead. Luttrell later writes a book which tells a very different story than what all other accounts say happened.

A movie is released. Mohammad Gulab is invited to visit the US for the screening. Afterwards, he is confused by the movie, and tells a very different account of what happened. This angers Luttrell who cuts ties with the man who saved his life.

Mohammed Gulab returns to Afghanistan. Once the movie is released, it is widely circulated by the Taliban who now learn of Gulab's involvement. Gulab has had numerous attempts on his life, and has lost friends and family to attacks in repercussions.

卢特雷尔 （Marcus Luttrell）被古拉伯（Mohammed Gulab）营救 （电影中的当地村民的领头大哥），他将他保护起来。在这里可以看到一个非常有趣的相似之处：卢特雷尔 （Luttrell）对自己在团队面对风险时做出的放走平民的决定感到非常遗憾（但很明显，这个决定本来就不是他做的，而是他的队长）。但是，他与古拉伯没有任何的关系，别人却可以冒着家人甚至整个村庄的生命的风险来保护他。讽刺的是古拉伯做出了正确的决定（营救他）但卢特雷尔却后悔做出了正确的决定（放走平民）

在大规模搜救行动结束以及从整个地区撤出部队后，卢特雷尔被营救。本次行动共有19人死亡（3人小队+16人应急反应部队（QRF）- 这些人都在那架被RPG击倒的救援飞机上）。卢特雷尔（Luttrell）后来写了一本书，书中讲的故事与所有其他叙述所说的完全不同。

后来根据这本书改编的电影上映了（就是这部电影）。古拉伯（Mohammad Gulab）被邀请访问美国以宣传放映。之后，他被这部电影弄糊涂了，并讲述了一个完全不同的故事。这激怒了与挽救了他生命的人建立联系的卢特雷尔（Marcus Luttrell）。

卢特雷尔（Luttrell）与马克·华伯格（Mark Wahlberg）在2013年的电影洛杉矶首映式中，后者在电影中将他塑造成红翼行动中“孤独的幸存者”。

古拉伯（Mohammad Gulab）之后返回阿富汗。电影上映后，塔利班的人都看到了该电影，而塔利班从这部电影知道了古拉伯的参与。古拉伯（Gulab）无数次受到生命威胁，甚至在塔利班的打击报复中失去了朋友和家人。

最终他与他的家人们全部移民到美国，现在居住在Texas州的一个四卧室公寓中（其实相当拥挤，因为他有6个孩子）古拉伯试图在自己的新家中生活，但由于语言障碍及其带来的孤独感，他大部分时间都在家里与孩子们玩耍。

古拉伯（Mohammed Gulab）在他德州的家中

The story of Operation Red Wing has heroes. LT Mike Murphy, who exposed himself to enemy fire to make the call to save his team. Murphy who, despite pressure to do otherwise, upheld the strictest moral standards of his country and refused to murder civilians to cover his own mistakes, of which there were many. Mohammad Gulab, who risked his life and wellfare to shelter a man in need.

But Marcus Luttrell is, at best, a profiteering liar. We should not continue to glorify his place in this disaster of a mission. And we should criticize the gross incompetence of the people involved in planning and executing this ill-fated reconnaissance patrol.

红翼行动的故事中有真正的英雄。 上尉迈克·墨菲（LT Mike Murphy）身处敌人之火之下，仍然坚持联系上了总部以拯救他的团队。墨菲尽管面对着其他方面的压力，但仍坚持自己国家最严格的道德标准，并拒绝谋杀平民以掩盖自己的错误。古拉伯（Mohammad Gulab）也是英雄，他冒着生命危险庇护了需要帮助的人。

但是马库斯·卢特雷尔（Marcus Luttrell）充其量是一个（通过写书和电影谋取）暴利的骗子。在这一个灾难性的任务中，我们不应该继续美化他的地位。我们更应该批评参与策划和执行的这一命运不佳的侦察小队的严重无能。

左一为上尉迈克·墨菲（LT Mike Murphy）

从上面的叙述中我们可以看出，虽然改编自真实故事，但在这个故事中我个人认为真正的主角应该是上尉迈克-墨菲，而非现在电影中的主角马库斯·卢特雷尔（Marcus Luttrell），事实上，这部电影中最令我感到振奋的那句“Never out the fight” （永远不要放弃战斗）就是出自上尉之口：

总而言之，这部电影是少有的真实感较强的现代战争电影（注意，我说的是真实感较强，并不是说还原度较高），虽然事实并不尽入电影所塑造的那般伟光正，单从电影的角度上来说，我是很喜欢这个故事的。然而，即使有“别让真相毁了一个好故事”的说法在，我们也不应该逃避真相的现实：红翼行动是一次非常失败的军行动，值得所有人吸取其中的教训，在未来避免这样的悲剧再次发生。